On this first unit of module 1 you will have access to information about how the PNAE is structured, from its origin to present day. For that, there will be a brief history, supplemented by a timeline and details on the Programme´s different evolution stages and achievements.
We begin with the origin of the Programme to understand how the first actions of school feeding were carried out in Brazil, as well as noticing the advances, ranges and benefits achieved over the years, and how it reflects on Brazilian people´s lives.
It all began around 1930, the time when hunger and malnutrition were first recognized as serious public health issues in Brazil. At that time, public authorities turned themselves to the causes of child malnutrition. Once the causing factors for this problem were detected, the first actions took place.
Within these initiatives, we highlight the creation of the National Feeding Committee (CNA), in 1945, and the National School Feeding Campaign (CNAE), a few years later.
The 1950s and 1960s represent a starting point of a structured school feeding programme in the country, under responsibility of the government. In that sense, the School Meals Campaign (CME) was created by Decree no. 37,106, in March 31st, 1955. Despite its hardships, the programme worked nationwide, and these decades are considered as the first and second stages of the programme, respectively. The first stage received a significant contribution from international organizations, such as the United Nations Children´s Fund (UNICEF), and the second stage, among other programmes, the United Nations’ (UN) World Food Programme (WFP).
From 1994 on, important advancements happened to the Programme, such as:
In 2003, with the Zero Hunger Strategy in Brazil (integration of programmes and public policies to fight hunger), the PNAE obtained important achievements, such as:
In 2006, by means of the Resolution CD/FNDE no. 32, the technical nutritionist position became mandatory in the PNAE.
In the same year, the publication of the Inter-Ministerial Ordinance no. 1010, of March 8th, 2006, institutionalized guidelines for the Promotion of Healthy Eating at Schools of primary and secondary education, from nationwide public and private networks.
The results of the National Research on Food Consumption and Nutritional Profile of School Population, as well as other studies and recommendations, including from the World Health Organization (WHO), enabled the mandatory inclusion of fruits and vegetables in school menus, along with the increase of the per capita value for nursery school students, hoping to improve the nutritional quality of meals in the school environment.
Another highlight was the creation of the Interministerial Chamber for Food and Nutrition Security (Caisan).
With the creation of Programa Mais Educação, in 2007, the PNAE started to provide this programme´s students with three (3) meals, which means a bigger per capita transference to serve this public.
Also, in the same year, the FNDE established a partnership with higher education federal organizations to create the Collaborative Centres on School Food and Nutrition (CECANE). The creation of the Brazilian Network of School Feeding and Nutrition (REBRAE) was also a result of this partnership, in order to integrate and disseminate food security actions taken at public schools in the country.
With the Law no. 11,947, of June 16th, 2009, the Brazilian National School Feeding Programme (PNAE) developed further: Food and Nutrition Education as a guideline, universal service with the inclusion of High Schools, Adult Education and the strengthening of civil society oversight. Also, the Law established that a minimum 30% of financial resources transferred to states, municipalities and the Federal District by the National Fund for the Development of Education (FNDE) to the PNAE must be utilized in the purchase of foodstuffs that come from smallholder farming.
It is important to emphasize that the Law no. 11,947 resulted from an effective participation of civil society, as well as intermediation of the National Council for School Feeding and Nutrition (CONSEA).
a minimum of 30% of resources transfered by the FNDE
is destined for the purchase of Foodstuffs from smallholder farming.
In 2013, other important measures were taken in the scope of the Programme, which were:
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